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27. Touch-sensitive brightness levels of LEDs

Hello friends!

Today I will teach you how to control the brightness levels of LEDs with your touch. For this project, you will be needing a human touch sensor (KY-036). I have already done a project using the human touch sensor. Please refer to that project to learn about how the human touch sensor works.

The push-button in between of the sensor and the LED is used to control the blue LED. The button is programed to act as a toggle switch, so when the button is pressed and the switch is on, your touch will have an effect only on the blue LED. When you place your finger on the base of the transistor, the sensor acts as a closed switch and the LED's brightness increases. When the LED has reached its maximum brightness, the buzzer gets switched on and alerts us. If we place our finger on the sensor again, after the alert, the LED switches off and starts to get brighter, repeating the whole process. The same process is done for the RGB LED module.

Supplies

  • Arduino Nano
  • Type A to mini B USB cable (for Arduino Nano)
  • Solderless Breadboard
  • Human Touch sensor (KY-036)
  • Active Buzzer Module (KY-012)
  • LED - Blue (You can use any other colour)
  • 3 colour RGB LED module (KY-016)
  • Push-buttons (x4) 
  • Resistor - 220Ω
  • Metal Jumpers
  • Male-to-male jumper wires (x17) - 10cm
  • 3 pin Female-to-Female jumper wires (x2) - 70cm

Setup

Your setup must look somewhat similar to that shown in the image above.

Connections

Human Touch sensor module (KY-036)
  • (+) - 5V
  • (-) - GND (Ground)
  • (DO) - D12
LED
  • Anode - D9
  • Cathode - GND (Ground)
3-colour RGB LED module (KY-016)
  • (-) - GND (Ground)
  • R - D3
  • G - D5
  • B - D6
Active Buzzer module (KY-012)
  • (+) - 5V
  • (-) - GND (Ground)
  • S - D2
Push-buttons
  • 01 - 4
  • 02 - 7
  • 03 - 8
  • 04 - 11
As you may have noticed in the picture from the 'Setup' section, I have not used the 10kΩ resistor. Please refer to Input_Pullup serial from Arduino.cc to learn why I have not used the resistor.

Coding


I have explained you how this project works in the first section of this page. If you have used 10kΩ resistor with the push-buttons, you have to define the pinMode function as (Button, INPUT). If you have followed my instructions from this page and have not used the resistor, then you must define the pinMode function as (Button, INPUT_PULLUP).
You must use the codes to debounce these buttons, so that the push-buttons perform as toggle switches instead of momentary switches. While the buttons are pressed and the 'switch' is on, you must read the state of the sensor, and while the sensor's state is HIGH, the LED's brightness must increase from zero till it reaches 255, the maximum brightness (You can use your Serial Monitor and prepare your sketch where the brightness of LED increments by 1, and compare the values with your visual observations of the LED's brightness to determine the maximum brightness. ). In my sketch, the brightness increases by 10. The microcontroller must write the analog value (brightness) to your LED, so that's why it must be connected to a PWM pin. 
When the brightness exceeds or equals the value '255', the buzzer must be set HIGH for 500ms. This is possible by using the 'tone' function. The frequency of the buzzer must be set to 100 Hz to prevent a high-pitched alert. Your LED must now be switched off and increase its brightness from 0. When the button is pressed again, and the 'switch' is off, your microcontroller must no longer read the state of the sensor and the LED must be set LOW. 
Follow the same procedure for the 3-colour RGB LED module, and do not forget the delay function or else this project might not work as you expected. 
If you have difficulties with preparing the sketch for this project, please comment below or send an email to arduinoprojectsbyr@gmail.com.

Final Look

If anyone has questions, or suggestions, regarding this project, please feel free to comment below or send an email to arduinoprojectsbyr@gmail.com.

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