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39. Door Lock system V1.0 - Using RFID

Hello everyone!
Today I will be teaching you about making a Door lock system using the Solenoid door lock. The first version of this project will be using RFID to unlock the door. This project is a prototype.

How does a Solenoid Door lock work?

Solenoid is a type of electromagnet. It is basically a long coil of copper wire wrapped in many turns. As you may have studied in physics, the solenoid generates a uniform magnetic field when the current flows through the coil of wire. The magnetic field of the solenoid is made stronger by:
  • Increasing the amount of current that flows
  • Increasing the number of turns
  • Adding an armature (iron)
In this door lock, the coil gets energized when the current flows through it and attracts the metal rod causing the door to be unlocked.
GIF image is from adafruit website

Supplies

  • Arduino Uno/ Nano
  • USB Type A to B cable (for Arduino Uno) or USB Type A to mini B cable (for Arduino Nano)
  • Solderless Breadboard - Mini
  • Solenoid door lock - 12V DC
  • MFRC522 RFID reader module
  • RFID tag - Key Tag
  • Male-to-Male Jumper wires (x7) - 10cm
  • Female-to-Male Jumper wires (x3) - 20cm
  • Voltage regulator/ 12V DC power adapter

Connections

The solenoid door lock can be connected to the Arduino microcontroller with either the single channel 5V relay module or transistor and diode. 

Solenoid door lock/ Relay module

  • S - D6
  • (+) - 5V
  • (-) - Ground (GND)

MFRC522 RFID reader module

  • SDA/ SS - D10
  • SCK - D13
  • MOSI - D11
  • MISO - D12
  • IRQ - Not connected
  • GND - Ground
  • RST/ RESET - D9
  • 3.3V - 3.3V

Coding

For this project, you will need to include the 'SPI' and 'MFRC522' libraries in your sketch. Create global variable for the relay module. Define to RST pin and create MFRC522 instance. Within void setup( ), call pinMode( ) to configure the relay pin as OUTPUT. Initiate SPI bus and MFRC522.
Without void loop( ), program your microcontroller such that the relay module is turned on when the key tag is placed in front of the RFID reader module. The door lock in will in the 'unlock' state for five seconds before it returns back to the 'lock' state.
If you have doubts with the codes, please feel free to ask them in the comments below or send me an email at arduinoprojectsbyr@gmail.com.

Final Look

If anyone has any questions, or suggestions, about this project, please feel free to comment them below or send an email at arduinoprojectsbyr@gmail.com.




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